Earthquake Detection And Early Warning Tools Using Internet Of Things Technology

Abstract

Abstract— Indonesia is highly susceptible to earthquake disasters due to its location at the convergence of three major active tectonic plates: the Pacific Plate, the Eurasian Plate, and the Indo-Australian Plate. When an earthquake occurs, it generates primary (P) waves and secondary (S) waves. Primary waves travel longitudinally towards the epicenter and move faster but have lower energy. In contrast, secondary waves travel transversely and carry stronger energy. Due to their higher speed, primary waves arrive approximately 1.5 times faster than secondary waves. The aim of this design is to create a system that detects earthquake vibrations at the primary wave stage when the energy is still low, thus providing early warning before the earthquake’s energy escalates and causes significant damage. The system utilizes a 3-axis ADXL335 accelerometer sensor, with its data processed by an Arduino UNO. When the system detects earthquake vibrations, a warning is sent to the user's Telegram application via the NodeMCU ESP8266 after serial communication between the Arduino UNO and NodeMCU ESP8266. Testing has demonstrated that this device can detect minor vibrations and send early earthquake warning notifications to the Telegram app. Notifications are triggered when the predefined threshold values set in the system are reached.

Keywords: Earthquake, ADXL335, Telegram, Internet of Things