Multi-Sensor Security System Based on IoT for Detecting Intrusions in BTS Towers
Keywords:
IoT, smart CCTV, PIR sensor, vibration sensor, ESP8266, TelegramAbstract
Tower Base Transceiver Station (BTS) is a critical telecommunications infrastructure that is vulnerable to theft and vandalism, especially in remote locations with minimal supervision, which can cause financial losses and disrupt services. The main objective of this study is to design and implement a reliable and low-cost security system to reduce such risks. The study introduces an integrated security solution based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that combines several key technologies for comprehensive monitoring. The system developed consists of Passive Infrared (PIR) sensors to detect human movement near tower access points, SW-420 vibration sensors to identify physical shocks or attempted breaches in perimeter fences, and smart CCTV for direct visual verification. The entire system is controlled by an ESP8266 microcontroller that processes sensor data and sends real-time alerts to operators via the Telegram application. The development methodology involves hardware integration, microcontroller programming using the Arduino IDE, and IoT platform configuration. Field testing was conducted through intrusion simulation scenarios to evaluate sensor accuracy and notification latency. The results indicated that the system worked reliably, with the vibrating sensor detecting interference up to a distance of 8 meters and the PIR sensor effectively identifying movement within a vertical range of 4 meters. The implementation of this tool improves BTS tower surveillance, enables faster response to threats, and significantly improves asset security. The study serves as a scalable model for securing other critical infrastructures in remote locations.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Fanny Julia Rezki, SHINTA MARVIOLA (Author)
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